# 泰雅穀倉柱上的防鼠板

- URL: https://justfly.idv.tw/tayal-granary-rat-guards-bailan/
- 日期: 2026-11-12
- 分類: 文化觀察
- 標籤: 傳統工藝, 泰雅族, 白蘭部落, 雪霸國家公園

![人物抱著穀物站在高架穀倉前的情境圖]高架穀倉與收穀情境圖。
2026年11月11日，新竹縣五峰鄉白蘭部落為依古法搭建的泰雅傳統穀倉舉行落成剪綵。[自由時報當天報導](https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/5636887)，雪霸國家公園管理處與部落協會、在地耆老一同參與，並介紹挑高防潮與防鼠板兩項設計。看這座建築，可以先把目光移到柱子。

##### 糧食離地，柱上再加一道防鼠板

柱子抬起穀倉，讓儲糧空間離開地面。[原住民族文化園區的泰雅糧倉典藏說明](https://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/64/c7/64.html)，以環山部落展示用穀倉為例，解釋高架設計有助防潮，柱腳上的防鼠板則用來阻擋老鼠攀登。這能說明構造的用途，卻不能保證每座穀倉都能完全杜絕鼠害。

看懂這兩個部位，屋體下方的空間就有了具體意義：地面與存糧之間隔開一段距離，沿柱子向上的路徑又多了一道阻礙。至於白蘭這座穀倉的接合方式、木材種類與尺寸，不能從其他部落的案例直接套用。重建採古法，並不等於各地都使用同一種做法。

##### 存糧之外，還有儀式與地方差異

[雪霸的泰雅建築介紹](https://www.spnp.gov.tw/ch/titlelist/atayal/173)提到，傳統穀倉也會儲存酒類、醃肉等食物，材料可見茅草、竹材、樹皮與木板。把穀倉只理解成一個防潮防鼠的箱子，仍少看了一部分：[苗栗縣的入倉祭紀錄](https://tcmb.culture.tw/zh-tw/detail?id=322692&indexCode=Culture_Invisible)也記載收穀、祝禱與封倉。這是另一地區的祭儀紀錄，不能當成白蘭本次落成的活動內容。

##### 檫樹棲地與試辦中的遊程

同一篇落成報導也提到，白蘭族人參與臺灣檫樹棲地營造與臺灣寬尾鳳蝶保育。兩者的關係在幼蟲食物：[林業及自然保育署的物種資料](https://www.forest.gov.tw/0008057)將臺灣檫樹列為寬尾鳳蝶在野外的唯一寄主植物。種下幼苗與維護棲地是保育行動，不能直接換成蝴蝶數量已經增加的結論。

截至11月11日報導，低碳遊程仍在試辦，待機制成熟後才開放一般大眾參與。穀倉落成與遊程正式開放，是兩件各有時間的事。計畫前往白蘭參加這項遊程，應先查詢部落或管理處的最新公告，不能把落成新聞當成已可報名的資訊。

##### 日本也能找到柱上的防鼠構件

[福岡縣介紹平塚川添遺跡的資料](https://www.pref.fukuoka.lg.jp/somu/graph-f/2017summer/technology/index.html)，展示復原高床倉庫柱上的「鼠返」。兩地都面對保護穀物的需求，也都能找到阻擋鼠類的構件。這個比較有助辨認功能，沒有證明兩地技術有傳承關係。回看白蘭的穀倉，柱上的防鼠板讓存糧這件日常工作，留下了看得見的形狀。

— 洪俊傑

### Rat Guards on a Tayal Granary

On November 11, 2026, a traditionally built Tayal granary was inaugurated in Bailan, Wufeng Township, Hsinchu County. [The report in Liberty Times](https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/5636887) describes the involvement of Shei-Pa National Park Headquarters, the community association and local elders. It highlights the raised structure and rat guards. The posts offer a useful starting point for looking at the building.

##### Raising the grain and guarding the posts

A [cultural-park archive entry about a display granary in Huanshan](https://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/64/c7/64.html) explains the functions: raising the store helps protect it from damp, while boards on the posts obstruct climbing rodents. These are design purposes, rather than a guarantee that every granary is entirely rodent-proof.

The space below the store separates food from the ground, while a guard interrupts the route up a post. Timber, dimensions and connections described for another community cannot simply be assigned to Bailan’s new granary. Traditional construction varies between places.

##### Storage also has a ceremonial setting

[Shei-Pa’s account of Tayal buildings](https://www.spnp.gov.tw/ch/titlelist/atayal/173) describes granaries storing grain, alcoholic drinks and preserved meat, with materials including thatch, bamboo, bark and boards. A [Miaoli record of a granary-filling ceremony](https://tcmb.culture.tw/zh-tw/detail?id=322692&indexCode=Culture_Invisible) also describes blessings and sealing the store. That is a record from another area, not a description of Bailan’s inauguration.

##### Sassafras habitat and a trial tour

The inauguration report also describes community work on Taiwan sassafras habitat and broad-tailed swallowtail conservation. The [Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency](https://www.forest.gov.tw/0008057) identifies Taiwan sassafras as the butterfly’s only host plant in the wild. Planting and habitat care are conservation activities; they do not by themselves establish that butterfly numbers have risen.

As of the November 11 report, the low-carbon tour remained a trial, with public participation planned once its arrangements mature. The granary’s inauguration and a public tour opening are separate events. Anyone planning to join this tour should check current community or park announcements rather than treat the inauguration report as booking information.

##### A comparable fitting in Japan

[Fukuoka Prefecture’s account of the Hiratsuka Kawazoe site](https://www.pref.fukuoka.lg.jp/somu/graph-f/2017summer/technology/index.html) shows rat guards on a reconstructed raised storehouse. The comparison helps explain a shared storage problem and a comparable fitting. It does not establish a historical transmission of the technology. At Bailan, the guards give the everyday task of protecting grain a visible form.

— 洪俊傑